How Truman Was Handed The Bomb - Truman & His A-Bombs


Reports & Comments
For additional information see also the issue
"CIA"
in the Main Navigation
_______________
Reports & Comments

VIDEO John Pilger - The War On Democracy

List Of U.S. Foreign Interventions Since 1945

Video What I've Learned About U.S. Foreign Policy

A Brief History of U.S. Interventions - 1945 to 1999

Our Neighbor - The Enemy

VIDEO: Overthrow: America's Century of Regime Change from Hawaii to Iraq

VIDEO: The Age of Terror: In the Name of the State

School of the Americas: School of Assassins, USA

_______________
see also

VIDEO The Secret Government: The Constitution in Crisis

Iron Fisted America

VIDEO Enemy Image


The following links lead to reports on the related countries
__________________

Pearl Harbor

__________________

Hiroshima and Nagasaki

__________________

Guatemala

__________________

Cuba

__________________

Tonkin Gulf & Vietnam

__________________

Cambodia

__________________

Iran

__________________

Panama

__________________

Iraq


Related Links

CSI - Center for the Study of Intelligence

National Atomic Museum

Naval Historical Center

The National Archives

The Organization of American Historians - OAH

The World Factbook

THIS FAR AND NO FURTHER - A Timeline

U.S. Naval Institute

Virtual Naval Hospital

Very Pissed Off Combat Veterans -- And Blueprints For Change By John McCarthy

1941-2001 -- A Retrospect On U.S. Foreign Interventions

- Reports & Comments -

Home | John McCarthy | CIA | Treason in Wartime | 1941-2001 | Science vs Religion | Reality Or Hoax? | Israel & ME | 9/11 - 3/11 - 7/7 -- Cui Bono? | New World Order | Lies vs Facts | War on Terror - Terrorism of War | Patriotism vs Humanity | War Crimes - Committed 'In All Our Names' | Enviroment & Lobbyism | FOIA & Whistleblowers vs Cover-Ups | Recruiting Lies vs Military Reality | From Democracy to Dictatorship | Empire Agenda | Media Coverage | International (War)Crimes Tribunals | Take Action! - Take Back America! | Summaries & Previews | Index Part 1 | Index Part 2 | Multimedia Index

Our Neighbor - The Enemy
 
By Carlos Herrera - writing from Caracas
Sep 9, 2005, 14:42


"I spent thirty-three years and four months in active service in the country's most agile military force, the Marines. I served in all ranks from second Lieutenant to Major General. And during that period I spent most of my time being a high-class muscle man for Big Business, for Wall Street and the bankers. In short, I was a racketeer, a gangster for capitalism.

"Thus I helped make Mexico, and especially Tampico, safe for American oil interests in 1914. I helped make Haiti and Cuba a decent place for the National City Bank boys to collect revenue in. I helped in the raping of half-a-dozen Central American republics for the benefit of Wall Street. The record of racketeering is long. I helped purify Nicaragua for the international banking house of Brown Brothers and Co. in 1909-1912. I brought light to the Dominican Republic for the sugar interests in 1916. I helped make Honduras "right" for American fruit companies in 1903. In China in 1927 I helped see to it that Standard Oil went its way unmolested."


- Retired Major General Smedley Butler, 1933 [1]
Veteran of the United States Marine Corps


Four years before his death on December 17th 1830 at the age of 47 in Santa Marta, now in modern day Colombia on the Caribbean coast, the Liberator of South America from the Spanish Empire, Simon Bolivar, made the following prophesy:

"The United States of North America are destined by providence to plague America with misery in the name of freedom"

For something said in 1826, almost 170 years ago, it could not have been more accurate. Bolivar sensed from his dealings with the US at that time what the future held for the newly formed independent countries of the continent. He also saw it in light of the 1823 Monroe Doctrine which made it legal for the US to invade any country south of the Rio Grande and to ensure that "America is for the Americans" - in other words the Americas are for North Americans and no one else in the western hemisphere. Cental and South America would never belong to the people who inhabited them if the United States had their way. The US only nominally recognized these countries independence from Spain several years after Spain itself had recognized it!

Since 1846 when the US invaded, occupied and added over half of Mexico as it then was to its own territory. Since then, US-Latino relations have at best been strained. One characteristic that is common to the peoples of Latin America (aside from eating rice with chicken), is a clear sense of being Anti-Yankee.

The invasions of Afghanistan and Iraq should not be a surprise for anyone. But what differentiates them from the list of historical invasions listed below is the public’s knowledge of the mass butchery, violation of human rights, torture, drug running all of which infringe the international conventions to which the U.S. has agreed. All this is carried out in the name of national security of the US and the ability to fill up an SUV in Manhatten with cheap gasoline whenever one has an itch. (Albeit that pleasure may be changing as I write). The obvious question: "Is it really worth it when it is a matter of time that the war will eventually come home as it did in Madrid and London?"

Before the League of Nations was formed after WWI in 1919 and the Geneva Conventions set out the rules of war, treatment of prisoners, etc., the invasions carried out by the US in Latin America were obviously bloody affairs. But today, these international laws appear to receive no recognition from the US military under the direction of the Neocons, who continue to violate human rights on all levels with impunity.

The world now knows that impeaching President Bush and prosecuting Rumsfeld, Powell and the rest who lied their way into war will be the only way for the U.S. to gain any international credibility. Lies, lies topped off by more lies and disinformation has been the recipe of this neo-fascist administration in order to achieve its geopolitical, geoeconomic and geostrategic goals. It is imperative that the people of the United States push forward an agenda of impeachment and adjudication for war crimes via the antiwar movement. Get organized and just do it! By acting on this initiative on September 24th, you will be doing your neighbors to the South a huge favor, especially for those of us in Venezuela - obviously a tempting target for the Neocon oil guzzlers.

Readers can clearly see from the long list of invasions, interventions and wars in Latin American, beginning in 1846 by the U.S. - that past administrations have been just as aggressive in terms of foreign policy as the current one. Please note that we are only referring to Latin America, - not other adventures in other parts of the world (Vietnam, Philippines or Kosovo, for example); nor are we including the slaughter and theft of lands from the indigenous peoples of the North American continent, after to the arrival of the Europeans.

The US has always had imperialist intentions and its practice has been to send its shock troops of the empire to protect the economic interests of US-based multinationals (e.g. the United Fruit Company in Central America in Guatemala in 1954). In the last few years, the driving force behind the Bush administration is the Global Corporate Empire in which most of the top people in the administration have a significant vested interest. By extension, these are not the interests of the US people. Instead, the ruling class in the U.S. have benefitted at the expense of the average citizen as wealth has become increasingly concentrated. This concentration accelerated after the fall of the Soviet Union in 1991 and the rigid application of neoliberal economic policies which benefit the rich. The exponential spread of poverty, despite good economic growth figures is one of the results. [2]

Just as the US led wars in Latin America have been historically fought to benefit US (read multinational) interests, the Iraq war is being fought for the profits of KBR, Halliburton, Exxon, Chevron-Texaco, etc. The same was true during WWI when the bellies of Bethlehem Steel and U.S. Steel were filled to finance the war. Another common ground that past U.S. invasions in Latin America share with the invasion of Iraq is the deceit used to launch them. Deceit is always a primary tool of the empire when launching its wars. But the lies that spawned the war on Iraq were so obvious that they cannot be denied by any honest observer. Ostensibly, this war is being fought on the premise of U.S. national security. But we in Latin America know that Iraq is being invaded and occupied for the same reasons the U.S. launched the 70 invasions listed below in Latin America. It’s all about the insatiable appetite of the beast of capitalism. It's always the same story.

We all know that US interventions in Latin America are to promote US imperial and business interests. However, the "official reasons" given by the State Department include ruses like: halting the spread of communism by overthrowing unfriendly presidents; defending national security; the war on drugs and the Bush doctrine of combating terrorism world wide using the unprecedented "pre-emptive strikes". The latter, of course, are sold to the unwitting public as, "We’ve gotta get them before they get us!"

1 Kilo brick of cocaine
In contrast to the "official stance" of the administration there is growing evidence that the US military is involved in drug running [3] just as the CIA has been heavily involved in trafficking cocaine in the past. [4] this could well be the tip of the iceberg.

The Iran-Contra affair, one of the worst scandals in U.S. history lies at the heart of U.S. aggression in Latin America in modern times. In 1992, George H. W. Bush pardoned John Poindexter (right) who had been "convicted on multiple felony counts on April 7,1990 for, obstruction of justice, lying to Congress, defrauding the government, and the alteration and destruction of evidence pertaining to the Iran-Contra Affair". (Wikipedia). Papa Bush also pardoned Caspar Weinberger and all 5 other ranking officials involved, who convicted of these crimes under the Reagan regime. Oliver North (left) was also convicted of 3 crimes related to Iran-Contra but was never punished and today enjoys the life of a radio talk show host. Only in the United States! Today, we learn that John Roberts, Bush's nominee for Chief Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court was the lawyer who helped these criminals escape without punishment. The crime and corruption of today's Bush regime dates back in history and promises to remain until he and his gang of thugs are forced out of office.

As far as terrorism is concerned, you just have to look at the historical actions of CIA covert operations in the last 30 years or so as shown in the list that follows, without even mentioning the carnage in Fallujah. The truth is that all the latest overseas adventures are looking for oil and gas supplies to be secured for the U.S. This is vital to keep the US economy afloat as it sinks deeper and deeper into a commercial and fiscal black hole.

In other words, US Citizens, the Neocons in Washington are sending your young people out to be blown to smithereens by an increasingly sophisticated resistance army in Tikrit or Baghdad for the interests of a very small group of puppeteers in Washington. They could even have plans to invade Venezuela "to protect oil supplies" sometime in the future and get embroiled in a continental wide uprising against US imperialism and a 100 year guerrilla war [5]. This small group of men are absolutely culpable for the deaths of about 2,000 U.S. soldiers in Iraq by official count (We’ll probably never know the true number). Cindy Sheehan is spot on when she said that "Bush killed my son."

U.S. citizens should know: There is no confusion on our part about who the enemy is. Our enemy in Latin American is the United States government: US imperialism, the CIA and DEA and the U.S.-led global corporate empire - all of which are represented by the Neocons in Washington. They are the danger and it was no surprise when China and Russia recently held joint military exercises for the first time in history, in order to send a clear message to the Bush administration to "keep their nose out" of their interests.

The enemy of the Latin American peoples has traditionally been the US after the Spanish Empire fell and British neo-colonial interests in the region waned. The number of military interventions of the past and listed in this article has already set the pattern for the future. There are no reasons to even suggest that this has changed in the slightest with the current bloodstained administration in Washington.

Increased aggressions in the Middle East and microphone diplomacy against Iran and Syria in recent months, has now converted the US into the enemy of the Muslims and continues the historical struggle for hegemony between Islam and Christianity going all the way back to the Crusades in the 12th century.

With their present stance, the Neocons are not just the enemies of poor Latin Americans and Muslims, they are in fact the enemy of the people of the United States ... and the enemy of mankind. They will gradually destroy the planet, exploit its resources both human and material unless they are stopped. Then people will wonder why the oceans are rising, there is no ozone layer, threatening most life forms with extinction - all due to the lust for money, power, profits to satiate the diabolical greed of a "few good men".

They have to go and I can assure US citizens and readers that 500 million Latinos will do everything we can to help you get these people out of government for the good of everyone.

Please take a few moments to read the list of atrocities we in Latin America have had to deal with by US actions in our region. Perhaps it will help you better understand what will happen to your homeland, your sons and daughters and grandchildren as your civil and human rights continue to gradually erode, "legally", by the establishment of "Homeland Security" and the Patriot Acts. 


History of US invasions and interventions in Latin America 1846 - 2004 [6]

1846

The U.S., fulfilling the doctrine of Manifest Destiny, goes to war with Mexico and ends up with a third of Mexico's territory.

1850, 1853, 1854, 1857

U.S. interventions in Nicaragua.

1855

Tennessee adventurer William Walker and his mercenaries take over Nicaragua, institute forced labor, and legalize slavery.

"Los yankis... have burst their way like a fertilizing torrent through the barriers of barbarism." --N.Y. Daily News

He's ousted two years later by a Central American coalition largely inspired by Cornelius Vanderbilt, whose trade Walker was infringing.

"The enemies of American civilization-- for such are the enemies of slavery-- seem to be more on the alert than its friends." --William Walker

1856

First of five U.S. interventions in Panama to protect the Atlantic-Pacific railroad from Panamanian nationalists.

1898

U.S. declares war on Spain, blaming it for destruction of the Maine. (In 1976, a U.S. Navy commission will conclude that the explosion was probably an accident.) The war enables the U.S. to occupy Cuba, Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines.

1903

The Platt Amendment inserted into the Cuban constitution grants the U.S. the right to intervene when it sees fit.

1903

When negotiations with Colombia break down, the U.S. sends ten warships to back a rebellion in Panama in order to acquire the land for the Panama Canal. The Frenchman Philippe Bunau-Varilla negotiates the Canal Treaty and writes Panama's constitution.

1904

U.S. sends customs agents to take over finances of the Dominican Republic to assure payment of its external debt.

1905

U.S. Marines help Mexican dictator Porfirio Díaz crush a strike in Sonora.

1905

U.S. troops land in Honduras for the first of 5 times in next 20 years.

1906

Marines occupy Cuba for two years in order to prevent a civil war.

1907

Marines intervene in Honduras to settle a war with Nicaragua.

1908

U.S. troops intervene in Panama for first of 4 times in next decade.

1909

Liberal President José Santos Zelaya of Nicaragua proposes that American mining and banana companies pay taxes; he has also appropriated church lands and legalized divorce, done business with European firms, and executed two Americans for participating in a rebellion. Forced to resign through U.S. pressure. The new president, Adolfo Díaz, is the former treasurer of an American mining company.

1910

U.S. Marines occupy Nicaragua to help support the Díaz regime.

1911

The Liberal regime of Miguel Dávila in Honduras has irked the State Department by being too friendly with Zelaya and by getting into debt with Britain. He is overthrown by former president Manuel Bonilla, aided by American banana tycoon Sam Zemurray and American mercenary Lee Christmas, who becomes commander-in-chief of the Honduran army.

1912

U.S. Marines intervene in Cuba to put down a rebellion of sugar workers.

1912

Nicaragua occupied again by the U.S., to shore up the inept Díaz government. An election is called to resolve the crisis: there are 4000 eligible voters, and one candidate, Díaz. The U.S. maintains troops and advisors in the country until 1925.

1914

U.S. bombs and then occupies Vera Cruz, in a conflict arising out of a dispute with Mexico's new government. President Victoriano Huerta resigns.

1915

U.S. Marines occupy Haiti to restore order, and establish a protectorate which lasts till

1934 The president of Haiti is barred from the U.S. Officers' Club in Port-au-Prince, because he is black.

"Think of it-- niggers speaking French!" --secretary of State William Jennings Bryan, briefed on the Haitian situation

1916

Marines occupy the Dominican Republic, staying till 1924.

1916

Pancho Villa, in the sole act of Latin American aggression against the U.S, raids the city of Columbus, New Mexico, killing 17 Americans.

"Am sure Villa's attacks are made in Germany." --James Gerard, U.S. ambassador to Berlin

1917

U.S. troops enter Mexico to pursue Pancho Villa. They can't catch him.

1917

Marines intervene again in Cuba, to guarantee sugar exports during WWI.

1918

U.S. Marines occupy Panamanian province of Chiriqui for two years to maintain public order.

1921

President Coolidge strongly suggests the overthrow of Guatemalan President Carlos Herrera, in the interests of United Fruit. The Guatemalans comply.

1925

U.S. Army troops occupy Panama City to break a rent strike and keep order.

1926

Marines, out of Nicaragua for less than a year, occupy the country again, to settle a volatile political situation. Secretary of State Kellogg describes a "Nicaraguan-Mexican-Soviet" conspiracy to inspire a "Mexican-Bolshevist hegemony" within striking distance of the Canal. "That intervention is not now, never was, and never will be a set policy of the United States is one of the most important facts President-elect Hoover has made clear." --NYT,

1929

U.S. establishes a military academy in Nicaragua to train a National Guard as the country's army. Similar forces are trained in Haiti and the Dominican Republic.

"There is no room for any outside influence other than ours in this region. We could not tolerate such a thing without incurring grave risks... Until now Central America has always understood that governments which we recognize and support stay in power, while those which we do not recognize and support fall. Nicaragua has become a test case. It is difficult to see how we can afford to be defeated." --Undersecretary of State Robert Olds

1930

Rafael Leonidas Trujillo emerges from the U.S.-trained National Guard to become dictator of the Dominican Republic.

1932

The U.S. rushes warships to El Salvador in response to a communist-led uprising. President Martínez, however, prefers to put down the rebellion with his own forces, killing over 8000 people (the rebels had killed about 100).

1933

President Roosevelt announces the Good Neighbor policy.

1933

Marines finally leave Nicaragua, unable to suppress the guerrilla warfare of General Augusto César Sandino. Anastasio Somoza García becomes the first Nicaraguan commander of the National Guard.

"The Nicaraguans are better fighters than the Haitians, being of Indian blood, and as warriors similar to the aborigines who resisted the advance of civilization in this country." --NYT correspondent Harold Denny

1933

Roosevelt sends warships to Cuba to intimidate Gerardo Machado y Morales, who is massacring the people to put down nationwide strikes and riots. Machado resigns. The first provisional government lasts only 17 days; the second Roosevelt finds too left-wing and refuses to recognize. A pro-Machado counter-coup is put down by Fulgencio Batista, who with Roosevelt's blessing becomes Cuba's new strongman.

1934

Platt Amendment repealed.

1934

Sandino assassinated by agents of Somoza, with U.S. approval. Somoza assumes the presidency of Nicaragua two years later. To block his ascent, Secretary of State Cordell Hull explains, would be to intervene in the internal affairs of Nicaragua.

1936

U.S. relinquishes rights to unilateral intervention in Panama.

1941

Ricardo Adolfo de la Guardia deposes Panamanian president Arias in a military coup-- first clearing it with the U.S. Ambassador.

It was "a great relief to us, because Arias had been very troublesome and very pro-Nazi." --Secretary of War Henry Stimson

1943

The editor of the Honduran opposition paper El Cronista is summoned to the U.S. embassy and told that criticism of the dictator Tiburcio Carías Andino is damaging to the war effort. Shortly afterward, the paper is shut down by the government.

1944

The dictator Maximiliano Hernández Martínez of El Salvador is ousted by a revolution; the interim government is overthrown five months later by the dictator's former chief of police. The U.S.'s immediate recognition of the new dictator does much to tarnish Roosevelt's Good Neighbor policy in the eyes of Latin Americans.

1946

U.S. Army School of the Americas opens in Panama as a hemisphere-wide military academy. Its linchpin is the doctrine of National Security, by which the chief threat to a nation is internal subversion; this will be the guiding principle behind dictatorships in Brazil, Argentina, Uruguay, Chile, Central America, and elsewhere.

1948

José Figueres Ferrer wins a short civil war to become President of Costa Rica. Figueres is supported by the U.S., which has informed San José that its forces in the Panama Canal are ready to come to the capital to end "communist control" of Costa Rica.

1954

Jacobo Arbenz Guzmán, elected president of Guatemala, introduces land reform and seizes some idle lands of United Fruit-- proposing to pay for them the value United Fruit claimed on its tax returns. The CIA organizes a small force to overthrow him and begins training it in Honduras. When Arbenz naively asks for U.S. military help to meet this threat, he is refused; when he buys arms from Czechoslovakia it only proves he's a Red.

Guatemala is "openly and diligently toiling to create a Communist state in Central America... only two hours' bombing time from the Panama Canal." --Life

The CIA broadcasts reports detailing the imaginary advance of the "rebel army," and provides planes to strafe the capital. The army refuses to defend Arbenz, who resigns. The U.S.'s hand-picked dictator, Carlos Castillo Armas, outlaws political parties, reduces the franchise, and establishes the death penalty for strikers, as well as undoing Arbenz's land reform. Over 100,000 citizens are killed in the next 30 years of military rule.

"This is the first instance in history where a Communist government has been replaced by a free one." --Richard Nixon

1957

Eisenhower establishes Office of Public Safety to train Latin American police forces.

1959

Fidel Castro takes power in Cuba. Several months earlier he had undertaken a triumphal tour through the U.S., which included a CIA briefing on the Red menace.

"Castro's continued tawdry little melodrama of invasion." --Time, of Castro's warnings of an imminent U.S. invasion

1960

Eisenhower authorizes covert actions to get rid of Castro. Among other things, the CIA tries assassinating him with exploding cigars and poisoned milkshakes. Other covert actions against Cuba include burning sugar fields, blowing up boats in Cuban harbors, and sabotaging industrial equipment.

1960

The Canal Zone becomes the focus of U.S. counterinsurgency training.

1960

A new junta in El Salvador promises free elections; Eisenhower, fearing leftist tendencies, withholds recognition. A more attractive right-wing counter-coup comes along in three months.

"Governments of the civil-military type of El Salvador are the most effective in containing communist penetration in Latin America." --John F. Kennedy, after the coup

1960

Guatemalan officers attempt to overthrow the regime of President Fuentes; Eisenhower stations warships and 2000 Marines offshore while Fuentes puts down the revolt. [Another source says that the U.S. provided air support for Fuentes.]

1960s

U.S. Green Berets train Guatemalan army in counterinsurgency techniques. Guatemalan efforts against its insurgents include aerial bombing, scorched-earth assaults on towns suspected of aiding the rebels, and death squads, which killed 20,000 people between

1966 and 1976 U.S. Army Col. John Webber claims that it was at his instigation that "the technique of counter-terror had been implemented by the army."

"If it is necessary to turn the country into a cemetery in order to pacify it, I will not hesitate to do so." --President Carlos Arana Osorio

1961

U.S. organizes force of 1400 anti-Castro Cubans, ships it to the Bahía de los Cochinos. Castro's army routs it.

1961

CIA-backed coup overthrows elected Pres. J. M. Velasco Ibarra of Ecuador, who has been too friendly with Cuba.

1962

CIA engages in campaign in Brazil to keep Jono Goulart from achieving control of Congress.

1963

CIA-backed coup overthrows elected social democrat Juan Bosch in the Dominican Republic.

1963

A far-right-wing coup in Guatemala, apparently U.S.-supported, forestalls elections in which "extreme leftist" Juan José Arévalo was favored to win.

"It is difficult to develop stable and democratic government [in Guatemala], because so many of the nation's Indians are illiterate and superstitious." --School textbook, 1964

1964

Jono Goulart of Brazil proposes agrarian reform, nationalization of oil. Ousted by U.S.-supported military coup.

1964

The free market in Nicaragua:

The Somoza family controls "about one-tenth of the cultivable land in Nicaragua, and just about everything else worth owning, the country's only airline, one television station, a newspaper, a cement plant, textile mill, several sugar refineries, half-a-dozen breweries and distilleries, and a Mercedes-Benz agency." --Life World Library

1965

A coup in the Dominican Republic attempts to restore Bosch's government. The U.S. invades and occupies the country to stop this "Communist rebellion," with the help of the dictators of Brazil, Paraguay, Honduras, and Nicaragua.

"Representative democracy cannot work in a country such as the Dominican Republic," Bosch declares later. Now why would he say that?

1966

U.S. sends arms, advisors, and Green Berets to Guatemala to implement a counterinsurgency campaign.

"To eliminate a few hundred guerrillas, the government killed perhaps 10,000 Guatemalan peasants." --State Dept. report on the program

1967

A team of Green Berets is sent to Bolivia to help find and assassinate Che Guevara.

1968

Gen. José Alberto Medrano, who is on the payroll of the CIA, organizes the ORDEN paramilitary force, considered the precursor of El Salvador's death squads.

1970

In this year (just as an example), U.S. investments in Latin America earn $1.3 billion; while new investments total $302 million.

1970

Salvador Allende Gossens elected in Chile. Suspends foreign loans, nationalizes foreign companies. For the phone system, pays ITT the company's minimized valuation for tax purposes. The CIA provides covert financial support for Allende's opponents, both during and after his election.

1972

U.S. stands by as military suspends an election in El Salvador in which centrist José Napoleón Duarte was favored to win. (Compare with the emphasis placed on the 1982 elections.)

1973

U.S.-supported military coup kills Allende and brings Augusto Pinochet Ugarte to power. Pinochet imprisons well over a hundred thousand Chileans (torture and rape are the usual methods of interrogation), terminates civil liberties, abolishes unions, extends the work week to 48 hours, and reverses Allende's land reforms.

1973

Military takes power in Uruguay, supported by U.S. The subsequent repression reportedly features the world's highest percentage of the population imprisoned for political reasons.

1974

Office of Public Safety is abolished when it is revealed that police are being taught torture techniques.

1976

Election of Jimmy Carter leads to a new emphasis on human rights in Central America. Carter cuts off aid to the Guatemalan military (or tries to; some slips through) and reduces aid to El Salvador.

1979

Ratification of the Panama Canal treaty which is to return the Canal to Panama by 1999.

"Once again, Uncle Sam put his tail between his legs and crept away rather than face trouble." --Ronald Reagan

1980

A right-wing junta takes over in El Salvador. U.S. begins massively supporting El Salvador, assisting the military in its fight against FMLN guerrillas. Death squads proliferate; Archbishop Romero is assassinated by right-wing terrorists; 35,000 civilians are killed in

1978-81 The rape and murder of four U.S. churchwomen results in the suspension of U.S. military aid for one month.

The U.S. demands that the junta undertake land reform. Within 3 years, however, the reform program is halted by the oligarchy.

"The Soviet Union underlies all the unrest that is going on." --Ronald Reagan

1980

U.S., seeking a stable base for its actions in El Salvador and Nicaragua, tells the Honduran military to clean up its act and hold elections. The U.S. starts pouring in $100 million of aid a year and basing the contras on Honduran territory.

Death squads are also active in Honduras, and the contras tend to act as a state within a state.

1981

The CIA steps in to organize the contras in Nicaragua, who started the previous year as a group of 60 ex-National Guardsmen; by 1985 there are about 12,000 of them. 46 of the 48 top military leaders are ex-Guardsmen. The U.S. also sets up an economic embargo of Nicaragua and pressures the IMF and the World Bank to limit or halt loans to Nicaragua.

1981

Gen. Torrijos of Panama is killed in a plane crash. There is a suspicion of CIA involvement, due to Torrijos' nationalism and friendly relations with Cuba.

1982

A coup brings Gen. Efraín Ríos Montt to power in Guatemala, and gives the Reagan administration the opportunity to increase military aid. Ríos Montt's evangelical beliefs do not prevent him from accelerating the counterinsurgency campaign.

1983

Another coup in Guatemala replaces Ríos Montt. The new President, Oscar Mejía Víctores, was trained by the U.S. and seems to have cleared his coup beforehand with U.S. authorities.

1983

U.S. troops take over tiny Grenada. Rather oddly, it intervenes shortly after a coup has overthrown the previous, socialist leader. One of the justifications for the action is the building of a new airport with Cuban help, which Grenada claimed was for tourism and Reagan argued was for Soviet use. Later the U.S. announces plans to finish the airport... to develop tourism.

1983

Boland Amendment prohibits CIA and Defense Dept. from spending money to overthrow the government of Nicaragua-- a law the Reagan administration cheerfully violates.

1984

CIA mines three Nicaraguan harbors. Nicaragua takes this action to the World Court, which brings an $18 billion judgment against the U.S. The U.S. refuses to recognize the Court's jurisdiction in the case.

1984

U.S. spends $10 million to orchestrate elections in El Salvador-- something of a farce, since left-wing parties are under heavy repression, and the military has already declared that it will not answer to the elected president.

1989

US sends troops to Bolivia to conduct raids on coca growing and suspected cocaine processing region.

1989

U.S. invades Panama to dislodge CIA boy gone wrong Manuel Noriega, an event which marks the evolution of the U.S.'s favorite excuse from Communism to drugs.

1995/6

U.S. sends troops to Haiti to restore President Aristide to office after a naval blockade against a military government.

1996

The U.S. battles global Communism by extending most-favored-nation trading status for China, and tightening the trade embargo on Castro's Cuba.

2002

US backing and complicity in failed coup dìétat in Venezuela to remove President Hugo Chavez from power. US warships detected off Venezuelan coast.

2004

Coup against President Aristide in Haiti carried out by CIA trained and backed insurgents from Dominican Republic. US troops arrive to restore order, kidnap Aristide and send him to the Central African Empire.



US Citizens, don't let this pattern continue and allow the Neocons take your children away to help feather their own nests.

Let's create a world of peace and mutual respect and support each other. This has to be worked for, it's not easy and the first step is to impeach Bush and put the rest of his cronies such as Rice, Bolton, Wolfowitz, Cheney, Rumsfeld, Powell amongst others on trial for crimes against humanity as well as against the US, Afghani and Iraqi peoples.

September 24th is the day to start, in the street and with the secure knowledge that 500 million Latin Americans, of which 400 million are poor and yet will be supporting your efforts which will contribute to save the planet for future generations and from certain destruction in the next century.

© Copyright 2005 by AxisofLogic.com



Read Carlos Herrera's bioCarlos Herrera's bio on Axis of Logic. His reports on the progress of the Bolivarian revolution in Latin America can be found in his:

Series on Ecuador

Series on Bolivia

Series on Latin America

You can contact Carlos Herrera at: carlos@axisoflogic.com



Additional References

[1] Retired Major General Smedley Butler delivered the words in his famous speech - I Was a Gangster for Capitalism - delivered in 1933 and published in Common Sense in 1935

[2] U.S. Poverty Rate Continues to Rise

[3] Greed Lured GI s into Colombian Underworld

[4] Crack, Contras and the CIA,
      Solomon: The CIA’s Cocaine Links,
      CIA: Cocaine Import Agency

[5] Chavez warns U.S. about 100 year war

[6] U.S. Interventions in Latin America


Source:
www.axisoflogic.com

Check for latest Site-Updates

Index of Posted Articles

or copy and paste the URL into Google Translate

Important note:

We neither promote nor condone hate speech in any way, shape or form. We have created this website to search for truthful facts that can shape unconventional conclusions and restore historical integrity. The work is therefore protected by the First Amendment of the US Constitution as well as by Article 19 of the UN Declaration of Human Rights: “Everyone has the right to freedom of opinion and expression; this right includes freedom to hold opinions without interference and to seek, receive and impart information and ideas through any media and regardless of frontiers.”

In accordance with Title 17 U.S.C. Section 107, the articles posted on this website are distributed for their included information without profit for research and/or educational purposes only. This website has no affiliation whatsoever with the original sources of the articles nor are we sponsored or endorsed by any of the original sources.

 
© Copyright John McCarthy 2005 if not indicated otherwise

 
Ages ago, I taught my children "never to point with a naked finger towards dressed people" and I usually keep that for myself as well but for this website I have to quote:
"The Emporer Has NO Clothes On!"
Traude
 

 
Want to get in touch? You can send email at:
 

or

Disclaimer And Fair Use